Statements and conclusions:

Statements All apples are bananas. No banana is a mango. Some mangoes are oranges.

Conclusions

(I) All oranges can never be bananas.

(ll)Some mangoes are apples.

PMC Practice 20
Logical Reasoning
Critical Thinking
Elimination Tool:

In virtually any industry, technological improvements increase labor productivity, which is the output of goods and services per person-hour worked. In Parland’s industries, labor productivity is significantly higher than it is in Vergia’s industries. Clearly, therefore, Parland’s industries must, on the whole, be further advanced technologically than Vergia’s are. The argument is most vulnerable to which ofthe following criticisms?

Find the odd one.

PMC Practice 1
Logical Reasoning
Critical Thinking
Elimination Tool:

Statements: Cats are birds. Birds are mammals.
Conclusion: Birds are cats.

PMC Sample 3
Logical Reasoning
Critical Thinking
Elimination Tool:

Statement:
I. The school authority has asked the FSC students to attend special classes to be conducted on Sundays.
II. The parents of the FSC students have withdrawn their wards from attending private tuitions conducted on Sundays.

PMC Practice 1
Logical Reasoning
Critical Thinking
Elimination Tool:

How many such pairs of letters are there in the word ‘HISTORICAL’ which have as many letters between them in the word as they have between them in the English alphabet?

PMC Practice 15
Logical Reasoning
Critical Thinking
Elimination Tool:

Blueberries cost more than strawberries.
Blueberries cost less than raspberries.
Raspberries cost mre than strawberries and blueberries.
If the first two statements are true, the third statement is:

PMC Sample 1
Logical Reasoning
Critical Thinking
Elimination Tool:

The Emporium Mall has more stores than the Pakages Mall.
The Amanah Mall has fewer stores than the Pakages Mall.
The Emporium Mall has more stores than the Amanah Mall.
If the first two statements are true, the third statement is

PMC Sample 3
Logical Reasoning
Critical Thinking
Elimination Tool:

Number series:

Choose which one is the different number from the following

PMC Practice 16
Logical Reasoning
Critical Thinking
Elimination Tool:

Here are some words translated from an artificial language:

Granamelke means big tree

Pinimelke means little tree

Melkehoon means tree house

Which word could mean big house?

PMC Practice 15
Logical Reasoning
Critical Thinking
Elimination Tool:

Hollywood restaurant is replacing some of its standard tables with tall tables and stool’s. The restaurant already fills every available seat duringits operating hours, and the change in seating arrangements will not result in increase in the restaurant’s seating capacity. Nonetheless, the restaurant’s management expects revenue to increase as a result of the seating change without any concurrent change in menu, prices, or operating hours. Which of the following, if true, provides the best reason for the expectation?

A certain automaker aims to increase its market share by deeply discounting its vehicles’ prices for the next several months. The discounts will cut into profits, but because they will be heavily advertised the manufacturer hopes that they will attract buyers away from rival manufacturers’ cars. In the longer term, the automaker envisions that customers initially attracted by the discounts may become loyal customers. In assessing the plan’s chances of achieving its aim, it would be most useful to know which of the following?

Electricity would revolutionize agriculture according to a prediction of the not-so-distant future published in 1940. Electrodes would be inserted into the soil, and the current between them would kill bugs and weeds and make crop plants stronger. Which of the following, if true, most strongly indicates that the logic of the prediction above is flawed?

In virtually any industry, technological improvements increase labor productivity, which is the output of goods and services per person-hour worked. In Parland’s industries, labor productivity is significantly higher than it is in Vergia’s industries. Clearly, therefore, Parland’s industries must, on the whole, be further advanced technologically than Vergia’s are. The argument is most vulnerable to which ofthe following criticisms?

If ‘-‘ means’+’, ‘+’ means’-‘, ‘*’ means ‘÷’ and ‘÷’ means ‘*’ then which of the following will be the correct equation?

PMC Practice 14
Logical Reasoning
Critical Thinking
Elimination Tool:

Statement: Should admission to the professional degrees in Pakistan be given only on merit without any concession to any particular group of students?

Arguments:

(I) Yes. This will improve the quality of the professional institutes and degrees as they will be able to complete the degree successfully.

(II) No. This will keep a large number of socially and economically backward students out of the reach of professional institutes and degrees.

PMC Practice 13
Logical Reasoning
Critical Thinking
Elimination Tool:

Physician : The hormone melatonin has shown promise as a medication for sleep disorders when taken in synthesized form. Because the long-term side effects of synthetic melatonin are unknown, however, I cannot recommend its use at this time. Patient : Your position is inconsistent with your usual practice. You prescribe many medications that you know have serious side effects, so concern about side effects cannot be the real reason youwill not prescribe melatonin. The patient’s argument is flawed because it fails to consider that

Islamabad is north of Balochistan.
Balochistan is east of Lahore.
Lahore is northwest of Islamabad.
If the first two statements are true, the third statement is

PMC Sample 3
Logical Reasoning
Critical Thinking
Elimination Tool:

While many people think of genetic manipulation of food crops as being aimed at developing larger and larger , some plant breeders have in fact concentrated on discovering or producing dwarf varieties, which are roughly half as tall as normal varieties. Which of the following would, if true, most help to explain the strategy of the plant breeders referred to above?

Artificial Language:

Here are some words translated from an artificial language. Dionot means oak tree, blyonot means oak leaf, blycrin means maple leaf. Which word could mean “maple syrup”?

PMC Practice 17
Logical Reasoning
Critical Thinking
Elimination Tool:

Statement: Should children be prevented completely from watching television?

Arguments:

(I) No. We get vital information regarding education through television.

(II) Yes. It hampers the study of children.

(Ill) Yes. Young children are misguided by certain programmes featuring violence.

Logical Reasoning
Critical Thinking
Elimination Tool:

Statement and argument:

Statement: Should the public sector undertakings be allowed to adopt a hire-and-fire policy?

Arguments:

(I) Yes, as this will help the public sector undertakings to get rid of non-performing employees and will also help to reward the performing employees.

(II) No, the management may not be able to implement the policy in an unbiased manner and the employees will suffer due to the high-handedness of the management.

PMC Practice 13
Logical Reasoning
Critical Thinking
Elimination Tool:

What should come next to this word, “Recipe”

PMC Practice 14
Logical Reasoning
Critical Thinking
Elimination Tool:

Many business offices are located in buildings having 2-8 floors. If a building has more than 3 floors, it has a lift. If the above statements are true, which of the following must be true?

Statements: No cities are countries. No countries are villages.

Conclusions:

(I) Some countries are cities.

(II) No villages are the city.

PMC Practice 13
Logical Reasoning
Critical Thinking
Elimination Tool:

From the following which word does not belong to the others:

PMC Practice 1
Logical Reasoning
Critical Thinking
Elimination Tool:

On the day Bilal is born,
Jamila weighs more than Javed.
Javed weighs less than Junaid.
Of the three babies, Junaid weighs the most.
If the first two statements are true, the third statement is

PMC Sample 3
Logical Reasoning
Critical Thinking
Elimination Tool:

Electricity would revolutionize agriculture according to a prediction of the not-so-distant future published in 1940. Electrodes would be inserted into the soil, and the current between them would kill bugs and weeds and make crop plants stronger. Which of the following, if true, most strongly indicates that the logic of the prediction above is flawed?