Biology Biotechnology MCQs Chapter 9 Class 12

Biology Biotechnology for Second Year Entry Tests and FSC Board Exams

Biotechnology is an important chapter in Second Year Biology that explains how biological systems and organisms are used to develop technologies and products. This topic is crucial for students preparing for MDCAT, NUMS, AKU, NUST, UET ECAT, and FSC Second Year board exams. Key concepts include genetic engineering, recombinant DNA technology, cloning, stem cells, PCR, and applications in medicine and agriculture, which are frequently tested in MCQs and short-answer questions.

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Created on March 02, 2022 By Ali Durrani

Biology Ch 9 Class 12 Biotechnology

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1 / 67

Human genome is ______ times larger than any other genome sequenced so far

2 / 67

Protoplasts are plant cells from which

. Cell walls are removed

Nucleus is removed

New organelles are added

Vacuoles are taken out

3 / 67

DNA polymerase enzyme for PCR is isolated from bacteria, Thermus aquaticus, because;

UHS 2019
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) It can work at high speed.

B) It can withstand high denaturation temperature.

C) It can withstand low denaturation temperature.

D) It can be used again and again.

4 / 67

Which of the following is NOT true for genes used in recombinant DNA technology?

NUMS 2019 Reconduct
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) It can isolated from chromosome

B) It can be synthesized chemically

C) It can be made from protein

D) It can be made from mRNA

5 / 67

A single stranded nucleotide sequence that will hybridize into a certain piece of DNA is

Primer

Probe

Genome

Both a & b

6 / 67

Commonly used restriction enzyme is

pSC 101

pBR 322

EcoRI

All of these

7 / 67

Enzyme used by the Bacteria to cut the DNA of the invading Virus for its protection is:

UHS 2018
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Restriction Exonuclease

B) Restriction Ligase

C) Restriction Endonuclease

D) DNA polymerase

8 / 67

Chimaeric DNA is also known as

Recombinant DNA

Complementary DNA

Vector

Plasmid

9 / 67

It is a method for rapid production of a very large number of copies of a particular fragment of DNA:

PMC 2020
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Gel electrophoresis

B) Polymerase chain reaction

C) DNA extraction

D) Recombination

10 / 67

Treatment of hereditary disorders by gene manipulations is called:

NUMS 2016
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Biotechnology

B) Genetic engineering

C) Gene therapy

D) None of these

11 / 67

In recombinant DNA technology, the copies of recombinant DNA are increased by:

NTS 2018
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Restriction enzyme

B) Ligase

C) Selection of host with rDNA

D) Multiplication of host with rDNA

12 / 67

In the commercial manufacture of insulin, a human gene is inserted into which one of the following?

NTS 2013
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) A chromosome of a human cell

B) A protein molecule in a yeast cell

C) The DNA of a bacterium

D) The nucleic acid in a virus

13 / 67

Which one of the following options is NOT an example of genetic engineering?

NTS 2019
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Insulin-producing bacteria

B) Oil eating bacteria

C) Photosynthetic bacteria

D) Metal extracting bacteria

14 / 67

Deficiency of enzyme ______ causes combined immunodeficiency syndrome.

UHS 2018
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Adenosine transcriptase

B) Adenosine transaminase

C) Adenosine polymerase

D) Adenosine deaminase

15 / 67

DNA fingerprinting is basically done for:

NUMS 2015
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) DNA cloning

B) DNA analysis

C) DNA sequencing

D) DNA splicing

16 / 67

A single gene can be amplified by using:

NUMS 2019 Reconduct
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) DNA fingerprinting

B) Polymerase Chain Reaction

C) Gel Electrophoresis

D) Recombinant DNA technology

17 / 67

Lambda phage is

Virus

Bacterium

Plasmid

Host cell

18 / 67

A weed engineered to produce a biodegradable plastic in cell granules is

. Mouse-cat cress

Mouse weed

Mouse-eared cress

None of these

19 / 67

First restriction enzyme was isolated by

Kary Mullis B

Hamilton O. Smith

Maxam Gilbert

Hamilton John

20 / 67

The process of determining the locus for particular biological traits includes?

PMC Practice 2
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Replication

B) Recombination

C) Gene mapping

D) None of these options is correct

21 / 67

Chemical nature of primers used in the PCR process is _______.

UHS 2018
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) RNA

B) Protein

C) Carbohydrate

D) DNA

22 / 67

Tobacco plants, resistant to a nematode, have been developed by the introduction of DNA that produces (in the host cells):

PMC Practice 11
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Both sense and antisense RNA

B) A particular hormone

C) An antifeedant

D) A toxic protein

23 / 67

The enzyme which seals the foreign DNA into the vector is

Restriction endonuclease

DNA polymerase

DNA ligase

DNA mutase

24 / 67

The deficiency of which of the following cause severe combined immunodeficiency

PMC Sample 3
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) hypoxanthine-guanine transferase

B) xanthine oxidase

C) PRPP synthatase

D) adeninosine deaminase

25 / 67

The genetically Engineered vaccine is not available for which of the following?

PMC Practice 8
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) HAV

B) HBV

C) HCV

D) HDV

26 / 67

A technique in transgenic animals in which desired gene is inserted into the eggs of animal is called:

UHS 2015
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Embryonic Stem Cell mediated Transfer

B) Microinjection

C) Retro-virus mediated gene Transfer

D) Virus vectors

27 / 67

Cloning is the production of genetically identical copies of organisms/cells by:

NUMS 2015
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Sexual reproduction

B) Asexual reproduction

C) Both sexual and asexual

D) None of the given options

28 / 67

Passive immunity is used against:

UHS 2015
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Malaria

B) Typhoid

C) Dengue

D) Tetanus

29 / 67

The genetically engineered vaccine is available for which of the following hepatitis virus?

PMC Practice 5
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) HBV

B) HAV

C) HCV

D) Options A and B are correct

30 / 67

Which of the following is not necessary for PCR to occur?

PMC 2020
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) dATP

B) Primers

C) DNA fragments

D) Ribonucleotides

31 / 67

Transgenic organisms:

PMC 2020
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Have a foreign gene inserted into them

B) Have an important role in the large scale production of medicinal products

C) Are considered beneficial to humans

D) All of the above

32 / 67

Organisms that have had a foreign gene inserted into them are

Transformed organisms

Transgenic organisms

Transfigured organisms

Recombinant organisms

33 / 67

Which of the following is the components / tools of recombinant DNA technology?

PMC 2020
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Gene of interest

B) Molecular scissors

C) Molecular glue and expression system

D) All of the above

34 / 67

Bacterial cells take up recombinant plasmids when they are treated with:

UHS 2015
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) CaCl2

B) NaCl

C) KCl

D) NaOH

35 / 67

DNA made by joining pieces from two or more different sources:

UHS 2018
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Probes

B) Restriction endonuclease

C) Mutated DNA

D) Recombinant DNA

36 / 67

During gel electrophoresis, the gel used is:

NUMS 2020
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Agar gel

B) Agarose gel

C) Dextran

D) Toluene gel

37 / 67

The Plasmid pBR322 has antibiotic resistance genes for:

UHS 2019
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Streptomycin

B) Ampicillin and Tetracycline

C) Tetracycline and mxycycline

D) Ampicillin

38 / 67

The DNA that has been altered and which now contains length of nucleotides from two different organisms is called a:

PMC 2020
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Plasmid

B) Combined DNA

C) Vector

D) Recombinant DNA

39 / 67

Transgenic plants are produced when foreign genes are introduced into

Mature plant embryo

Immature plant embryo

Roots

Leaves

40 / 67

This enzyme is used to cut DNA molecule in rDNA technology

PMC Sample 2
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) ligase

B) phosphatase

C) ribonuclease

D) restriction enzyme

41 / 67

Natural extrachromosomal circular DNA molecules earrying genes for antibiotic resistance and fertility

Recombinant DNA

Chimaeric DNA C

Lambda phage

Plasmids

42 / 67

Some transgenic bacteria produce a dipeptide sweetener called

Ultrasweet

Disweet

Monosweet

Neutrasweet

43 / 67

The cells are held together by a Ca-pectate layer are called as:

NUMS 2016
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Primary cell wall

B) Secondary cell wall

C) Middle lamella

D) Tertiary cell wall

44 / 67

Gel electrophoresis is a technique:

PMC 2020
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Employed by forensic scientist to assist in the identification of the individuals by their respective type of DNA

B) Collect all the genes found in one complete set of chromosome

C) Is a technique to separate different sizeds fragment of charge bearing polymers (proteins, RNA or DNA)

D) Grows single cell or a group of cells in a glass ware on artificial medium under aseptic conditions

45 / 67

Which statement is not true about PCR?

Developed by Kary Mullis

Take its name from DNA polymerase

Is not very specific

Taq polymerase is used

46 / 67

Liposomes have/are:

PMC 2021 Tested
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Fluid in center

B) Lipid bilayer

C) All of these

D) Carrier for drugs

47 / 67

In prokaryotes only one type of RNA polymerase is present, while ______ types of RNA polymerase are present in eukaryotes.

NUMS 2019 Reconduct
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Two

B) Three

C) Four

D) Five

48 / 67

Which of the following diseases CANNOT be cured by gene therapy?

NUMS 2019 Reconduct
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) SCID

B) Tuberculosis

C) Cystic fibrosis

D) Cancer

49 / 67

Cystic fibrosis patients lack a gene that codes for a transmembrane carrier of:

NTS 2017
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Na+ ions

B) K+ ions

C) CI- ions

D) Ca2+ ions

50 / 67

Cloning is a form of:

NUMS 2016
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Parthenogenesis

B) Apomixis

C) Sexual reproduction

D) Asexual reproduction

51 / 67

The process of replacing or supplementing the defective allele with a functional, normal allele is known as ______.

NTS 2012
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Allele transplant

B) Physiotherapy

C) Gene therapy

D) Mutation

52 / 67

Genetic engineering has been successfully used for producing;

UHS 2019
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Animals, with inferior traits.

B) Transgenic mice for testing safety of polio vaccine before use in humans

C) Animals, that have the same genetic constitution.

D) None of the above

53 / 67

The technique use of identification of criminals is called:

NTS 2018
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Cloning

B) DNA fingerprinting

C) Restriction Analysis

D) Polymorphism

54 / 67

Which one of the following is made up of radioactively labelled nucleotides?

UHS 2015
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Phage DNA

B) Genomic Library

C) Recombinant DNA

D) Gene Probe

55 / 67

Liposomes are:

PMC 2021 Tested
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) All of these

B) Made of at least one lipid bilayer

C) Artificial

D) Used to deliver drugs

56 / 67

By PCR we mean:

UHS 2018
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Polymerase chronic reaction

B) Polymerase chain reaction

C) Polymerase copy reaction

D) Polymerase cross reaction

57 / 67

Which of the following is the manipulation of genetic material for practical purposes?

NTS 2018
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Grafting

B) Tissue Culture

C) Genetic Engineering

D) Cell Culture

58 / 67

Which one has antibiotic resistance gene for tetracycline and ampicillin?

pSC 101

pBR 322

pCR 322

None of these

59 / 67

Golden rice is a promising transgenic crop. When released for cultivation, it will help in

PMC Practice 11
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Producing a petrollike fuel from rice

B) Alleviation of vitamin A deficiency

C) Pest resistance

D) Herbicide tolerance

60 / 67

Choose the term from the following which is NOT a part of gene therapy?

NTS 2019
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Bone marrow transplant

B) Retrovirus

C) DNA Fingerprinting

D) Somatic cells

61 / 67

A method of DNA sequencing in which DNA threads are chemically cut into pieces of different sizes is

Sanger's method

Maxam-Gilbert method

Hamilton's method

Vortex method A

62 / 67

Vaccination can be done against:

NUMS 2015
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Bacterial diseases only

B) Viral diseases only

C) Both Viral and Bacterial

D) All type of disease-causing organisms

63 / 67

Which of the following characteristics makes plasmid DNA useful for researchers?:

PMC Practice 9
Biology
Biotechnology
Elimination Tool:

A) Readily incorporate cloned DNA

B) Capable of automatic replication

C) Capable of being isolated from genomic DNA

D) All of these

64 / 67

A genomic library is a collection of

Bacterial clones

Bacteriophage clones

Viral clones

Both a and b

65 / 67

Taq polymerase is extracted from a bacterium

Floral aquaticus

Taq aquaticus

Thermus floral

Thermus aquaticus

66 / 67

Recombinant DNA contains DNA from

2 different sources

3 different sources

2 same sources

3 same sources

67 / 67

DNA analysis is done to

Diagnose viral infections

Identify criminals

Determine evolution

All of these

Your score is

The average score is 64%

Importance of Biotechnology in Competitive Biology

A strong understanding of Biotechnology helps students explain DNA manipulation, gene cloning, production of insulin and vaccines, and biotechnological tools. Topics such as plasmids, vectors, gene therapy, and ethical considerations in biotechnology are commonly asked in entry tests. Practicing chapter-wise MCQs, diagrams, and topic-wise exercises improves conceptual clarity, accuracy, and confidence during exams.

Effective Preparation and Practice Resources for Second Year Students

Effective preparation for Biotechnology includes regular revision, MCQ practice, and mock testing. Solving past papers and exam-focused questions helps students identify important areas and commonly tested concepts. PLS Academy provides structured learning resources that help students systematically prepare for Biotechnology and perform confidently in medical entry tests and FSC Second Year board examinations.

JazakAllah.

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Biology Biotechnology MCQs Chapter 9 Class 12

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