Biology Chapter 9 – Biotechnology (Class 12) for FSC, Entry Tests & NTS Preparation
Chapter 9, Biotechnology, is an important topic for Class 12 students preparing for FSC board exams, medical/engineering entry tests like MDCAT, NUMS, AKU, NUST, ECAT, UET, and NTS exams. This chapter explains the use of biological systems, organisms, or their components to develop useful products and technologies. Understanding biotechnology is essential for studying applied biology, genetics, and modern scientific innovations.
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A weed engineered to produce a biodegradable plastic in cell granules is
Chimaeric DNA is also known as
First restriction enzyme was isolated by
Which of the following is the components / tools of recombinant DNA technology?
PMC 2020
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The process of replacing or supplementing the defective allele with a functional, normal allele is known as ______.
NTS 2012
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Transgenic plants are produced when foreign genes are introduced into
Bacterial cells take up recombinant plasmids when they are treated with:
UHS 2015
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Organisms that have had a foreign gene inserted into them are
The process of determining the locus for particular biological traits includes?
PMC Practice 2
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Treatment of hereditary disorders by gene manipulations is called:
NUMS 2016
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Chemical nature of primers used in the PCR process is _______.
UHS 2018
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A single gene can be amplified by using:
NUMS 2019 Reconduct
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Some transgenic bacteria produce a dipeptide sweetener called
Which of the following is the manipulation of genetic material for practical purposes?
NTS 2018
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The genetically engineered vaccine is available for which of the following hepatitis virus?
PMC Practice 5
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The Plasmid pBR322 has antibiotic resistance genes for:
UHS 2019
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Lambda phage is
By PCR we mean:
UHS 2018
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Golden rice is a promising transgenic crop. When released for cultivation, it will help in
PMC Practice 11
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Human genome is ______ times larger than any other genome sequenced so far
In the commercial manufacture of insulin, a human gene is inserted into which one of the following?
NTS 2013
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DNA analysis is done to
The deficiency of which of the following cause severe combined immunodeficiency
PMC Sample 3
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Tobacco plants, resistant to a nematode, have been developed by the introduction of DNA that produces (in the host cells):
PMC Practice 11
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A genomic library is a collection of
DNA fingerprinting is basically done for:
NUMS 2015
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DNA polymerase enzyme for PCR is isolated from bacteria, Thermus aquaticus, because;
UHS 2019
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Gel electrophoresis is a technique:
PMC 2020
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Which statement is not true about PCR?
Cloning is the production of genetically identical copies of organisms/cells by:
NUMS 2015
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The enzyme which seals the foreign DNA into the vector is
Which one of the following options is NOT an example of genetic engineering?
NTS 2019
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Choose the term from the following which is NOT a part of gene therapy?
NTS 2019
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DNA made by joining pieces from two or more different sources:
UHS 2018
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Vaccination can be done against:
NUMS 2015
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Liposomes have/are:
PMC 2021 Tested
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Which of the following is not necessary for PCR to occur?
PMC 2020
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This enzyme is used to cut DNA molecule in rDNA technology
PMC Sample 2
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The technique use of identification of criminals is called:
NTS 2018
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Which of the following is NOT true for genes used in recombinant DNA technology?
NUMS 2019 Reconduct
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Genetic engineering has been successfully used for producing;
UHS 2019
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Natural extrachromosomal circular DNA molecules earrying genes for antibiotic resistance and fertility
Transgenic organisms:
PMC 2020
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Commonly used restriction enzyme is
Protoplasts are plant cells from which
The cells are held together by a Ca-pectate layer are called as:
NUMS 2016
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In recombinant DNA technology, the copies of recombinant DNA are increased by:
NTS 2018
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Cystic fibrosis patients lack a gene that codes for a transmembrane carrier of:
NTS 2017
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During gel electrophoresis, the gel used is:
NUMS 2020
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A single stranded nucleotide sequence that will hybridize into a certain piece of DNA is
Deficiency of enzyme ______ causes combined immunodeficiency syndrome.
UHS 2018
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Cloning is a form of:
NUMS 2016
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Passive immunity is used against:
UHS 2015
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A method of DNA sequencing in which DNA threads are chemically cut into pieces of different sizes is
It is a method for rapid production of a very large number of copies of a particular fragment of DNA:
PMC 2020
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In prokaryotes only one type of RNA polymerase is present, while ______ types of RNA polymerase are present in eukaryotes.
NUMS 2019 Reconduct
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The genetically Engineered vaccine is not available for which of the following?
PMC Practice 8
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Liposomes are:
PMC 2021 Tested
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Recombinant DNA contains DNA from
Taq polymerase is extracted from a bacterium
Which of the following characteristics makes plasmid DNA useful for researchers?:
PMC Practice 9
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A technique in transgenic animals in which desired gene is inserted into the eggs of animal is called:
UHS 2015
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Which one has antibiotic resistance gene for tetracycline and ampicillin?
Which one of the following is made up of radioactively labelled nucleotides?
UHS 2015
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Enzyme used by the Bacteria to cut the DNA of the invading Virus for its protection is:
UHS 2018
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Which of the following diseases CANNOT be cured by gene therapy?
NUMS 2019 Reconduct
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The DNA that has been altered and which now contains length of nucleotides from two different organisms is called a:
PMC 2020
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Key Concepts about Biotechnology
The chapter explains the principles and applications of biotechnology, including recombinant DNA technology, genetic engineering, and the use of enzymes and microbes in industry. It covers techniques such as gene cloning, PCR, and gene editing tools like CRISPR. The chapter also highlights applications of biotechnology in medicine, agriculture, and environmental management. Each concept is described with examples, methods, and significance in solving biological and societal problems. These concepts are highly important for FSC board exams, medical/engineering entry tests like MDCAT, NUMS, AKU, NUST, ECAT, UET, and NTS.
Free Entry Test & NTS Preparation
Mastery of biotechnology helps students understand genetic manipulation, modern scientific techniques, and their practical applications. PLS Academy provides practice questions, solved past papers, and chapter-wise MCQs to help students revise these topics effectively. Regular study of this chapter improves problem-solving skills, conceptual clarity, and exam performance, ensuring students are well-prepared for FSC board exams, competitive entry tests, and NTS exams.
JazakAllah.
